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The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan resulted in the release of large amounts of radioactive substances into the surrounding environment and caused contamination. In the accident recovery process, Japan had made great efforts in public communication, including the government’s promotion of organization and planning the popularization and publicity of scientific knowledge in various forms, multi-channel information disclosure, and all-round communication and exchange, which can provide a reference for the development of relevant work in China. The nuclear-related public communication work in China can get four enlightenments. Firstly, the public communication system should be improved, and corresponding policies and mechanisms should be clarified. Secondly the popularization of nuclear science knowledge should be taken as the foundation for early and long-term development. Thirdly, the operators of nuclear facilities shall disclose relevant information according to the law and confront the curiosity or doubts of the public. Finally, multi-channel, multi-level and multi-frequency exchanges and interactions should be conducted to seek unity of understanding and balance of interests between the two sides.
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Objective:To understand the status of health-promoting lifestyle of middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis, and to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors based on the biological-psychological-social medicine model, to explore controllable factors.Methods:Using convenient sampling method, 177 middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis who were hospitalized in First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital) from July 2020 to November 2020 were selected for questionnaire survey. The Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ (HPLP-Ⅱ) was used to evaluate their health promotion lifestyle status, the influencing factors were measured by general data sheet, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), disease recognition questionnaire for knee osteoarthritis patients, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease (CDSES), respectively.Results:The total score of HPLP-Ⅱ, the total score of WOMAC, the score of disease recognition questionnaire, the total score of SSRS, the score of HAMA, HAMD, CDSES were (117.52 ± 15.58), (105.63 ± 31.64), (14.21 ± 3.23), (38.60 ± 5.18), (7.76 ± 4.41), (6.01 ± 4.54), (33.77 ± 6.04) points for middle-aged and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors were disease cognition, per capita monthly income, imaging grade, self-efficacy, support utilization, objective support, a total of 71.9% variation of regression equation could be explained.Conclusions:Middle-aged and elderly knee osteoarthritis patients health promotion lifestyle score at a low level, to improve, affected by disease cognition, imaging grading, self-efficacy, social support, medical staff should combine the degree of disease and individualized factors for disease health education, improve patients′ self-efficacy and social support level, prompting patients to adopt a healthy lifestyle.
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Objective:To explore the effect of artificial intelligence teaching-picture system in training the bone marrow cell morphological reading ability of clinical medical students.Methods:A total of 110 five-year undergraduate students were divided into experimental group (artificial intelligence picture teaching method) and control group (traditional teaching method) in the bone marrow cell morphology reading ability training. On the basis of multimedia teaching, the experimental group was given the teaching by using the bone marrow cell morphology picture storage and transmission system for retrieval, learning and computer adaptive test. Then objective evaluation of image recognition ability and questionnaire were used to compare the teaching effect.Results:The image recognition ability was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group [(89.6±5.7) vs. (81.4±4.9), P<0.01]. Furthermore, the experimental group showed more obvious advantages in cell morphology recognition [(74.7±4.0) vs. (68.7±4.9)] and diagnosis of hematological diseases [(14.9±3.0) vs. (12.9±2.4)] than the control group (both P<0.01). Questionnaire survey showed that the students expressed their affirmation and support for the artificial intelligence teaching-picture system in the bone marrow cell morphological reading ability training. Conclusion:The application of artificial intelligence teaching-picture system can greatly improve the teaching effect, mobilize students' learning enthusiasm and expand learning resources, which is worthy of further promotion and application.
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Objective:To understand the current situation and influencing factors of successful aging in widowed elderly.Methods:From May to October 2019, 225 widowed elderly people were investigated by questionnaire in 7 communities and 5 villages in Shandong Province. The Successful Aging Scale of the Flood was used to assess their successful aging status. The general data sheet, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE) were used to measure its influencing factors.Results:The successful aging score of the widowed elderly was 46.22 ± 9.49. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of the successful aging of the widowed elderly were: social activity participation, household registration, consciously successful aging status, psychological resilience, MMSE—attention and computing power, perceived social support—other people, leisure physical activity, which can explain a total of 70.7% of the regression equation.Conclusions:The successful aging status of widowed old people is at a low level, and its influencing factors have both common factors and specific characteristics compared with those with spouses. In particular, more attention should be paid to "participation in social activities", and the widowed old people should be actively encouraged to participate and improve their successful aging.
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Purpose To investigate the significance of PET/CT in differential diagnosis of incidental thyroid benign or malignant lesions with high fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake.Materials and Methods Forty cases with focal high FDG uptake lesion in thyroid accidently detected by PET/CT were retrospectively collected. The subjects were dived into physiological uptake group (n=18), benign lesion group (n=16) and malignant lesion group (n=6) according to the pathology or follow-up examinations. The average SUVmax of different groups was analyzed, and ROC curve was used todetect benign or malignant lesions.Results The average SUVmax was 3.7±1.1 in physiological uptake group, 4.9±2.3 in benign lesion group and 9.5±4.8 in malignant lesion group. Significant difference was noticed among the three groups. The average SUVmax in malignant lesion group was higher than that of the other two groups with statistical difference (P0.05). ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity for thyroid malignant tumor were 100.0% and 87.2% at SUVmax of 8.5.Conclusion18F-FDG PET/CT plays an important role in differentiating benign lesions of thyroid from malignance, but it is not helpful to identify benign lesions from physiologic uptake.
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Objective This study seeks to use a meta-analytical approach to quantitatively assess the results of applying the problem-based learning(PBL) teaching model and the traditional lecture-based learning(LBL)teaching model to basic medical courses in undergraduate medical edu-cation. Methods The CNKI and VIP databases were electronically searched to retrieve randomised controlled trial studies that examined the use of PBL methods for basic medical courses in under-graduate medical education. In these studies PBL teaching model was used in experiment group and LBL teaching model was used in control group. Pass rate or test scores was used to evaluate the effect of learning. The retrieved documents ranged from the time that each database was first constructed to December 2012. After two researchers performed literature screening independently, data extraction, and quality assessment procedures in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, the Stata 11.0 software package was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis. Results This meta-analysis examined 28 studies that included a total of 3703 subjects. The modified Jadad scores of 20 studies(71.4%) were less than 4, and those of 8 studies(28.6%) were more than or equal to 4. The meta-analysis revealed that compared with the traditional teaching model, the PBL teaching model did not produce improved examination passing rates for a course [relative risk(RR):1.05, 95%confidence interval(CI):(0.99, 1.10), P=0.098] but could improve examination scores for a course [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.73, 95% CI: (0.51, 0.96), P<0.001]. Conclusion For basic medical courses in undergraduate medical education, compared to LBL teaching, PBL teaching can improve students' test scores but cannot improve students' pass rate. PBL used in basic medical courses has di-versified forms and lacks unified criterion, so there is still a long way to go for the appli-cation of PBL.
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Objective To establish a comprehensive evaluation indexing system to appraise the implications of prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS ,and to calculate the weight of each indicator .Methods Based on the idea of performance and input-out-put ,professional consultation ,and Delphi method was determined as the evaluation index system ,analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight value for each indicator .Results The evaluation indexing system had been established af-ter three rounds of professional consultation .It contained two 1st class indicators ,six 2nd class indicators and thirty-one in 3rd class indicators .The weight value of each indicator was calculated .Conclusion The evaluation indexing system that has been established and the weight value quantities are of completeness ,practicality ,operability and logic .They have important value for application in the future .
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Objective:To improve the recognition, appropriate diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer in women aged 25 years or less through their clinicopathological features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Methods:The clinicopathological data from 77 patients with breast cancer treated in our hospital between January 1995 and January 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The correla-tion between age, lactation, tumor size, axillary node status, surgical approach, pathological stage, indicators of immunohistochemistry treatment modality, and prognosis was analyzed using statistical software. Results:All patients were female, and their average age was 22.94 ± 1.94 years. The diagnosis depended on pathological examination. In the follow-up visits, recurrence or metastasis was found in 27 patients, of which 18 died . The median overall survival was 39 months, and the median progression-free survival was 36 months. The 3 year overall survival rates of stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣwere 100%, 92.44%, 59.97%, and 0, respectively. The 5 year overall sur-vival rates of the four stages were 100%, 86.84%, 59.97%, and 0, respectively. Univariate factor analysis showed that tumor size, axil-lary lymph node status, surgical approach, pathological stage, and estrogen receptor were impact factors, whereas lactation, progester-one receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, p53, molecular subtyping, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were not. Cox mul-tivariate analysis showed that axillary lymph node status was an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer in women aged 25 years or less. Conclusion:Breast cancer in young women is rare and has unique characteristics in biological behaviors, diagnosis, prognosis, and other factors. Axillary lymph node status was an independent prognostic factor. The crucial factors in the treatment were diagnosis and on time and early-stage treatment.
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Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease and there is a close relationship between the sympathetic nervous system [SNS] and bone metabolism. Leptin has been shown to regulate bone formation and bone resorption via the SNS. However, the effect of SNS on leptin signaling has not been clearly understood. In the present study, we studied the effect of propranolol on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis of rat. The results showed propranolol could increase the bone mass of ovariectomized rat. Propranolol could also up-regulate the level of peripheral leptin and the level of leptin receptor in ovariectomized rat hypothalamus. Our results indicate the effect of propranolol on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis may be exerted, at least partly, through the regulation of leptin signaling and there may be an interaction between the SNS and leptin on the regulation of bone metabolism
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Animals , Female , Osteoporosis/prevention & control , Receptors, Leptin , Bone Resorption/prevention & control , Social Control, Formal , Bone and Bones/physiology , Leptin/physiology , Sympathetic Nervous System , OvariectomyABSTRACT
We mainly introduce the design of teaching objectives,teaching content,teaching strategies and teaching effect evaluation for the elective course of SPSS and statistical data processing and summarize and reflect on the implementation after teaching combined with the practical teaching of medical statistics.
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The paper introduces and summarizes the teaching purpose and content project,implementation and effect of the optional course in Excel and medical data analysis.
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Objective To explore the protective effect of atorvastatin on irradiated endothelium and the thrombomodulin(TM)expression.Methods Cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells(HCAEC)and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)were treated by atorvastatin at the final concentration of 10 μmol/ml for 10 min,and then irradiated with 2 and 25 Gy.Cell cycles status and TM expression were quantitatively measured by flow cytometry 24 hours after irradiation.Protein C activation in endothelial cells was also assessod.Results After administration with atorvastatin for 24 h,the TM expression increased by 77%,59% and 61% in normal control group,2 Gy group and 25 Gy group,respectively(t=27.395,26.420,58.065;P=0.000).The protein C levels decreased by 23% and 34% compared with the normal group post-irradiation to 2 and 25 Gy,but increased by 79% and 76% compared with the irradiated control group after administration with atorvastatin.The rates of cell apoptosis decreased by 6% and 16% in 2 Gy and 25 Gy groups,respectively after administration with atorvastatin for 24 h(t=4.178,17.863;P=0.000).Conclusions Atorva statin can protect endothelia cell from irradiation-induced apeptosis by increasing TM expression and protein C activation.
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Objective To explore the roles of bacterial infection in the pathogenesis and progression of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods The clinical data of 604 patients with ALI or ARDS hospitalized from April 1991 to March 2001 were analyzed. Results (1) The cause of direct lung injury was predominantly ascribed to lung infection, whereas indirect lung injury was due to sepsis. (2) The gram positive cocci (50.76%) and gram negative bacilli (40.15%) in the isolated pathogenic bacteria from patients were approximately similar. Furthermore, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the first and second pathogenic bacteria, respectively. (3) The incidences of ALI and ARDS in infected patients significantly increased with the grade elevation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) ( P